Cartridge CT16V 17201-11070 1720111070 Toyota Hilux 2GD-FTV

What does a 'trim' on compressor wheels mean?
Trim is the area ratio used to define the turbine and compressor wheels. To calculate the trim you use the inducer and exducer diameters.
For Example: Inducer²/Exducer² = Trim

What is Compressor Wheel fatigue?
When a compressor wheel has been weakened, it will begin to show signs of fatigue. In terms of the compressor wheel fatigue, the blades are exposed to a continuous cycle of positive and negative stress caused by the wheel spinning fast and then slow. As the compressor wheel reaches full speed, the blades bend back and then as it slows down they bend back into position, repeat this over many repetitions suction is created which creates negative stress pulling the blades even further in. Eventually the continuous stress will become too much and the blades will reach their endurance limit and break causing the turbocharger to fail.

How does a Waste gate work?
A Wastegate is simply a turbine bypass valve. It works by diverting some portion of the exhaust gas around, instead of through, the turbine. This limits the amount of power that the turbine can deliver to the compressor, thereby limiting the turbo speed and boost level that the compressor provides.

How is boost measured? (Bar, mmHg, PSI) and How do you convert from one to another?
Boost is measured as the pressure that the turbo creates above atmospheric pressure. Normal Atmospheric Pressure (1 atm) = 14.7 psi = 760 mm Hg 1 Bar is not actually equal to 14.7 psi, but rather it is equal to 14.5 psi, = 0.9869 atm = 750.062 mm Hg

Turbochargers how to deal with metal rubbing sound?
Phenomenon: the exhaust black smoke, power down and there is abnormal sound supercharger.

How to deal with the turbocharger oil spill?
Phenomenon: the oil consumed in large quantities, but normal exhaust smoke color, power is not reduced.